UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH
Phonetics Department
University of Edinburgh
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION
Speech for the 50th Anniversary of the Establishment of the
Phonetics Department, University of Edinburgh, September 1998,
by James Anthony.
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PROJECT: SPEECH ANALYSIS (19 - 19 )
1960 Uldall, E., "Attitudinal meanings conveyed by intonation
contours," Language and Speech 3, 223-234 (1960). (K)
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PROJECT: EDINBURGH VERSION OF PAT SYNTHESIZER (19 - 19 )
Phonetics Department's copy of the Parametric Artificial Talking
Device developed at the Ministry of Supply Signals Research and
Development Establishment (see SSSHP UK Signals Research and
Development Establishment file). Cascade formant synthesizer
operated by six control voltages obtained by optically scanning
a manually-prepared pattern on a glass slide.
Artifact: In 1990, the PAT synthesizer was in storage in the
Royal Museum of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh.
1957 P. Ladefoged and D.E. Broadbent, "Information conveyed by
vowels", JASA 29, 98-104, 1957. Famous distinction between
/b-t/ in sentence when formant frequencies changed. Six
variables (first three formant frequencies, amplitude and
frequency of pulse source, amplitude of noise source) on
Edinburgh PAT. Explanation of perception experiment by P.
Ladefoged at Edinburgh University.
SSSHP 91.3 Tape: "MIT - DEMO TAPE 1, 10/90"
(syn, 4:38 min, 6 var of: "Please say what this word
is:" with "bit, bet, bat, and but")
1958? British Broadcasting Company, "Eye on Research: The Six
Parameters of PAT", circa 1958. Last in a series of TV
broadcasts on scientific discoveries. Demonstration of
speech analysis and synthesis apparatus of the Dept. of
Phonetics, by David Abercrombie, Walter Lawrence, James
Anthony and Peter Ladefoged.
SSSHP 166 Videotape: "Eye on Research: The Six Parameters
of PAT"
(syn: "Eye on Research"; "Do you understand what I say
to you?", male, female, child voice.)
Videotape, VHS/PAL format, 30:08 min, fair quality
SSSHP 167 (Temporary copy of SSSHP 166, for evaluation)
Videotape, VHS/NTSC format, poor quality, do not copy
1962 Anthony, J., and W. Lawrence, "A resonance analogue speech
synthesizer", Proc. Fourth Int. Congr. Acoustics, Paper G43,
Copenhagen, Organization Committee (1962) (I,K) Improved
function generator using conductive ink patterns in parallel
tracks on a moving plastic belt, the Fourcin function
generator. (See SSSHP UK SRDE.)
Tape ? (4-parms: "How do you do", from 1952 on 1st PAT)
SSSHP 84 Tape: "PAT - synthesized intonations. B: He'll
be here on Friday" Fourteen 23" tape loops in 3 3/4"
by 1 1/2" circular tin box.
SSSHP 94 Tape: "PAT - Synthesized Intonations Circa 1962"
Copy of SSSHP 84, in order, from B1 to B14.
(syn, 14 sen: "He'll be here on Friday")
Cassette, good quality
1962 Anthony, J., Synthesis of material for Stockholm Vocoder
Demonstration Tape for the 1962 Stockholm Speech
Communication Conference. Synthetic copy of natural
recording on Edinburgh PAT synthesizer.
SSSHP 125.9 Tape: "SCS - 1962/Stockholm Vocoder Demo. Tape,
Sept. 1962."
("Welcome to the Stockholm Speech Comm. Seminar, CVs,
Hello, is Docent Fant there ...")
7" reel, 7 1/2 ips, good quality (Maxey Tape 62.1)
SSSHP 32.5 Tape: Demo to accompany "Review of text-to-speech
conversion for English," D.H. Klatt, JASA 82.3, 9/87.
("Welcome to the Stockholm Speech Comm. Seminar.")
Cassette, good quality, Klatt MIT A/D and D/A
1962 Uldall, E., and J. Anthony, "The synthesis of a long piece
of connected speech on PAT", Proc Stockholm Speech Comm.
Seminar, 1962. Edinburgh PAT. Copy of recording made by Mr.
David Abercrombie.
SSSHP 129 Tape: "P.A.T. Demo 1962", E.T. Uldall, May, 1962.
(Lecture on PAT by E.T. Uldall, "CVs, The sun was
stronger of the two.", with variations, The North
Wind and the Sun - Mark IV Complete.) Transcription
in SSSHP UK Edinburgh file. (Maxey Tape T62.5)
5" reel, 7 1/2 ips, good quality, 1st gen copy
Reformatted Haskins Laboratories rules for Edinburgh PAT
1960 Ingemann, F. "Eight parameter speech synthesis", J. Acoust.
Soc. Amer., 32, 1501 (A) (1960). (I)
Tape?
Off-line control from a computer (via paper tape?)
1967 Iles, L. A. "M.A.K. Halliday's 'Tones of English' in
synthetic speech", Work in Progress 1, 24-26, Department of
Phonetics, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh (1967). (I)
Tape?
1969 Iles, L.A., "Speech synthesis by rule", Work in Progress 3,
23-25 (1969). (I)
Tape?
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BIOGRAPHIES
JAMES ANTHONY
1948 technician, phonetics laboratory, Univ. of Edinburgh
M.I.E.E., electrical engineering, Heriot Watt College
1988? Ph.D., Univ. of Edinburgh
DONALD E. BROADBENT
1957 Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit,
Cambridge, England
19 University of Oxford
LAURENCE A. ILES
1988? retired
FRANCES INGEMANN (See SSSHP USA Haskins Laboratories)
PETER LADEFOGED (See SSSHP USA UCLA)
WALTER LAWRENCE (See SSSHP UK SRDE)
PETER STREVENS
1989 Deceased
ELIZABETH T. ULDALL
1935 B.A., English Literature, Barnard College, Columbia Univ.,
New York
1936 Assistant, Speech Dept., Barnard College
1937-39 M.A., Phonetics, University College London
1939 Teacher of English as a foreign language, in Athens, Baghdad,
Alexanderia, American Univ. Cairo, Buenos Aires, Tucumán
1949 Phonetics Dept., Univ. of Edinburgh
1983 retired as Senior Lecturer
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CONTRIBUTIONS FROM:
Elizabeth T. Uldall James Anthony
Department of Linguistics Phonetics Department
University of Edinburgh University of Edinburgh
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REVIEWED BY:
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