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quite specific assumptions about the speaker's and the listeners' phonetic and phonological capacity and the rules of their language.

Questions such as these make it apparent that synthesis by rule forces attention to precisely those phonetic problems which are fundamental to phonology. We hope that some phonologists will be sufficiently intrigued to join in the search for the answers.
 

REFERENCES

ABRAMSON, ARTHUR S., and LEIGH LISKER. 1970.  Laryngeal behavior, the speech signal and phonological simplicity. PICL 10/4.123-29. Referenced on p. 2463

ALLEN, JONATHAN. 1968.  A study of the specification of prosodic features of speech from a grammatical analysis of printed text. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Referenced on p. 2478

ANTHONY, JAMES. 1964.  True model of the vocal tract. JAcS 36.1037. (A) Referenced on p. 2458

ANTHONY, JAMES, and WALTER LAWRENCE. 1962.  A resonance analogue speech synthesizer. Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on Acoustics, ed. by A. Kjerbya Nielsen, Paper G43. Copenhagen, Organization Committee, Fourth ICA. Referenced on p. 2457

ARMSTRONG, LILIAS C., and IDA C. WARD. 1931.  A handbook of English intonation. 2nd. ed. Cambridge, Heffer. Referenced on p. 2476

ATKINSON, R. C., and H. A. WILSON. 1968.  Computer-assisted instruction. Science 162.73-7. Referenced on p. 2452


BAXTER, BRENT, and WILLIAM J. STRONG. 1969.  WINDBAG -- a vocal-tract analog speech synthesizer. JAcS 45.309. (A) Referenced on p. 2458

BOLINGER, DWIGHT. 1958.  A theory of pitch accent in English. Word 14.109-49. Referenced on p. 2476

BORST, JOHN M. 1956.  Use of spectrograms for speech analysis and synthesis. JAudEngSoc 4.13-23. Referenced on p. 2457


CHOMSKY, NOAM. 1965.  Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press. Referenced on p. 2459, 2461, 2463

______. 1968.  Language and mind. New York, Harcourt. Referenced on p. 2459-2460

CHOMSKY, NOAM, and MORRIS HALLE. 1968.  The sound pattern of English. New York, Harper. Referenced on p. 2459-2460, 2462, 2478, 2480

COKER, CECIL H. 1965.  Real-time formant vocoder, using a filter bank, a general-purpose digital computer, and an analog synthesizer. JAcS 38.940. (A) Referenced on p. 2457

______. 1967.  Synthesis by rule from articulatory parameters. Conference preprints, 1967 Conference on Speech Communication and Processing, pp. 53-3. Bedford, Mass., Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories. Referenced on p. 2471-2472

COKER, CECIL H., and PETER CUMMISKEY. 1965.  On-line computer control of a formant synthesizer. JAcS 38.940. (A) Referenced on p. 2457

COKER, CECIL H., and OSAMU FUJIMURA. 1966.  Model for specification of vocal-tract area function. JAcS 40.1271. (A) Referenced on p. 2471
 

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