FIG. 13.  The magnitude spectrum of 50 ms of aspiration noise in the syllable [ha] (top) reveals a strong subglottal formant at 2150 Hz, between F2=1300 Hz and F3=3200 Hz. Additional subglottal resonances are faintly evident at about 600 and 1600 Hz. The effect of the subglottal system on the vowel spectrum, measured about 40 ms after voicing onset (bottom) is to create a spurious peak at 2150 Hz, and to modify harmonic amplitudes in the F1-F2 region so as to make it difficult to tell whether two or three formants are present between 600 and 1400 Hz. These changes are typical of normal breathy vowels of women (Klatt, 1986b).